a. We recommend bananas planted in the ground with fertilization.
b. Water should always be available but does not stagnate.
c. Bananas do not live on land containing 0.07% saline.
altitude
Lowlands to the mountains as high as 2,000 m. Bananas grow well up to an altitude of 1,000 meters above sea level.
TECHNICAL GUIDELINES FOR RAISING
Nurseries
- Propagation by vegetative means in the form of shoots (tillers).
- High-tillers for seedlings of 1 - 1.5 m, width tuber pieces 15-20 cm.
- Puppies are taken from trees that bear good and healthy.
- Good seed leaf is shaped like a sword, narrow leaves.
Preparation of Seeds
- Plants for the seedlings planted with a spacing of 2 × 2 m
- One parent trees have buds left between 7- 9.
Planting techniques bananas
1) Determination of Plant Patterns
Spacing of the banana plant is wide enough so that the first three months allows the use cropping intercropping / crop hallway between the banana plants. Crop intercropping / alley can be either vegetable or crop season. In most banana plantations in the region high rainfall, bananas are grown together with plantations of coffee, cocoa, coconut and arecanuts. In western India, bananas for export permanently planted with coconut.
2) Hole Making Plant
Hole size is 50 x 50 x 50 cm on heavy soil and 30 x 30 x 30 cm or 40 x 40 cm X40 for loose soils. A spacing of 3 x 3 m for soil medium and 3.3 x 3.3 m for heavy soils.
3) Investment
Planting is done before the rainy season. Before planting hole by organic fertilizers such as manure / compost as much as 15-20 kg. Organic fertilization affects the quality of fruit flavors.
Plant maintenance
1) Spacing
To get a good result, one family must consist of 3-4 stems. Cutting child is done such that in one family there were chicks that each different age (the growth phase). After 5 years of clumps demolished to be replaced with new plants.
2) Weeding
Grass / weeds around the mother plant must be weeded so that the growth of the child and also the parent well. Weeding is done simultaneously with the crumble and hoarding by the soil so that the roots and shoots grow a lot. It should be noted that the roots of the banana is only an average of 15 cm below the soil surface, so weeding should not be done too deep.
3) Katala
Leaves begin to dry the plants trimmed to hygiene and environmental sanitation awake. Disposal of these leaves is done every time.
4) Fertilization
Bananas are in need of large amounts of potassium. For one hectare, bananas require 207 kg urea, 138 kg of super phosphate, 608 kg and 200 kg KCl limestone as a source of calcium. Fertilizer N is applied twice in a year that is placed inside the array surrounding the family of plants. After the array covered again with soil. Phosphate and potassium fertilization carried out 6 months after planting (twice a year).
5) Irrigation and Watering
Bananas will thrive and produce well for irrigation awake. Plants are watered by means of flushing or filling ditches / drains located between rows of banana plants.
6) Provision of Mulch
The soil around the clump of banana leaves mulched dry or wet form. Mulching is useful to reduce water evaporation soil and suppress weeds, but mulching which continue to cause rooting becomes shallow so that when dry plants languish. Because the mulch should not be
mounted continuously.
7) Maintenance Fruit
Banana that has been within 25 cm of the last pieces of the comb should be cut so that the growth of the fruit is not inhibited. After bunches of banana unfolded, bunches of bananas wrapped in a clear plastic bag. Polyethylene plastic bags with thickness of 0.5 mm by a hole with a diameter of 1.25 cm. The distance of each hole 7.5 cm. Size plastic bag is such that the cover of 15-45 cm above the base of the top comb and 25 cm below the bottom end of the fruit of the comb. To keep the plant does not fall under the weight of the stem, the plant rod propped up with bamboo embedded
as deep as 30 cm into the ground.
PEST AND DISEASE
Pest
1) caterpillar leaves (Erienota Thrax.)
Part of being attacked are the leaves. Symptoms: The leaves curled like sheathing and torn to the bone leaves. Control: by using a suitable insecticide yet, can be tried with the insecticide Malathion.
2) Uret beetle (Cosmopolites sordidus)
Part of being attacked is sepals, stems. Symptoms: hallways up / down in the sepals, banana trunk full hall. Control: banana grove sanitation, clean the clumps of leftover banana stems, use a seed that has been disinfected.
3) Nematodes (Rotulenchus similis, Radopholus similis).
Part of being attacked is the root. Symptoms: The plants seem to languish, to form cavities or small spots in roots, root swelling. Control: use seeds that have been disinfected, increase humus soil and land use with little clay content.
4) Silkworm flowers and fruit (Nacoleila octasema.)
Part of being attacked is the flower and fruit. Symptoms: abnormal growth of fruit, fruit peel mangy. Their worm tail at least 70 bunches of bananas. Control: using insecticides.
